How is "voluntary" use of force characterized?

The characterization of "voluntary" use of force revolves around the concept of choosing to engage in a particular action without being compelled by law or duty. When a security officer intervenes to protect another officer, it reflects a voluntary choice to engage because such action is not mandated by law or obligation. This type of intervention demonstrates a personal decision to act in defense of someone else, particularly when the officer perceives a threat to their safety or wellbeing, thus categorizing it as voluntary.

In contrast, the other options involve contexts where the use of force is dictated either by legal obligations, official duties, or direct directives from authoritative figures, which do not align with the notion of “voluntary.” Options that involve acting on official duties or orders indicate an obligation to act rather than a voluntary choice, and defending oneself during a criminal act typically falls under a necessary or legally justified reaction rather than a purely voluntary circumstance.